HYDROLOGY

HYDROLOGY  MAY BE DEFINED AS THE SCIENCE WHICH DEALS WITH THE OCCURRENCE, DISTRIBUTION & CIRCULATION OF WATER.

(HYDROGRAPHY IS THE SCIENCE WHICH DEALS WITH THE PHYSICAL FEATURES & CONDITIONS OF WATER ON SURFACE OF THE EARTH.)

(HYDROMETRY IS THE SCIENCE WHICH DEALS WITH THE MEASUREMENT OF WATER.)

HYDRO-LOGICAL STUDY IS IMPORTANT FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES -

• TO ENSURE HOW MUCH FLOOD FLOW CAN BE EXPECTED AT A SPILLWAY , CITY DRAINAGE, WATER STREAMS ETC.
• FOR STUDYING THE EFFECTS OF FLOOD FLOW ON VARIOUS HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES.
• FOR FINDING OUT RESERVOIR  CAPACITY IN ORDER TO ENSURE SUFFICIENT WATER SUPPLY FOR IRRIGATION PURPOSES.

THE HYDROLOGICAL  CYCLE IS CONSIDERED AS THE CORE  PART OF HYDROLOGY  -

THE HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE INCLUDES  FOLLOWING STAGES -

• EVAPORATION & TRANSPIRATION
• CONDENSATION
• PRECIPITATION or RAINFALL
• RUNOFF
• INFILTRATION

SUN IS THE MAIN SOURCE OF ENERGY FOR HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE.

RUNOFF IS CONSIDERED AS THE MOST IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF HYRDOLOGICAL CYCLE FROM CIVIL ENGINEERS POINT OF VIEW , AS IT IS IMPORTANT FOR STORAGE, IRRIGATION, HYDROPOWER GENERATION ETC.